In the Greek sound, there is the word "scolios, translated as a scoliosis. With this word, the doctors indicate the curvature of the spine. Moreover, not all curvature, specifically the sides of the vertical axis of the spine. The fact that our spine is usually not completely available.When moving and carrying weight. The negative processes in our bodies only develop in the case of these kyphoses and lordoses are shown in excess of the permitted rules.
The main issues
However, even a small level of bend (scoliosis) of the spine is always a disease.And the problem is not only in a cosmetic defect.Although a distinctive appearance with a clear or progressive scoliosis is always a tragedy for a person who tries to live a full -quality life.This is especially true for young boys and girls.Indeed, it was during the period of children and teenagers (up to 15-16 years old), a significant part of the diagnosed scoliosis.
The main problem is due to the change in the configuration and mass of the chest with significant curvature, the internal organs are always affected (heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines, large vessels).In men, physical tolerance is reduced, women have problems with conception, pregnancy and childbirth.Moreover, very often the side deformation of the spine is only the surface of the iceberg, a sign of a much more serious disease - tumors, tuberculosis, endocrine disorders.
Reason
So why is the spine deformed?Before answering the question, you should decide on scoliosis.At its core, scoliosis can be structured and non -structured.Scoliosis structured due to anatomical changes in the structure of the tissue of the vertebrae, as well as the muscles, nerves and ligament movements nearby.Such curvors can get and congenital, and about a quarter of all scoliosis accounts that are diagnosed with the latter.
Among the main reasons for the development of structural scoliosis, they distinguish:
- The mast of the development in the uterus leads to the disturbance of one or more vertebrae
- Abnormal development of congenital chest - lack of ribs, additional ribs
- Congenital pathology of connective tissue - neurofibromatosis, marfan syndrome
- Brain failure due to brain paralysis of children (cerebral palsy), which leads to the conservation violation of some parts of the spine
- Osteoporosis (bone -tissue) of the spine in rickets, disease of the parathyroid gland, calcium deficiency with food
- Osteoarthritis
- Change of dysplasia in the cervix, breasts and waist
- TB lesions for vertebrae
- Spine injury
- The tumor of the spine.
Scoliosis does not structure, as the same name, is the side deviation of the spine with the unchanged structure of the vertebra.As a rule, such scoliosis is often except for the cases of natural curvature in nature with congenital anatomical defects of pelvis or lower limbs.The cause of such scoliosis is the most often:
- Pelvic injury and lower limbs
- Congenital defects of pelvis and lower limbs
- Continuous posture in students
- The disease of the internal organs with pain syndrome is asymmetric
- Memusitis (Myosites)
- Burns, scars of soft fabric on one side.
In these cases, to eliminate the curvature of the spine, it is enough to cure the hidden diseases, and therefore, many structural scoliosis can be easily reversed.In this regard, some doctors tend to not calculate non -structural deformations for scoliosis in general.
Recently, cases of scoliosis development with unclear cause have become more often.This is the idiopathic scoliosis.It occurs in young years, during the rapid growth of the body.Moreover, girls suffering from idiopathic scoliosis often many times compared to young men.Obviously, this is due to the relatively weak muscles of the back of the children, unable to place the spine in a full muscle frame.An unbalanced diet with low calcium salts, and a common passion for teenagers with carbonated drinks plays the last role in the development of idiopathic scoliosis.As you know, carbon dioxide in bubbles and orthophosphoric acids in synthetic burial forms contribute to filtering calcium salts from the body.
Breed and qualifications
Depending on the localization, scoliosis may be cervical, chest, waist or mixture (cervix, waist).There may be one or more curved arcs.In this regard, scoliosis C. Most likely, the presence of 2 or 3 arcs is compensation.With C -shaped scoliosis, the axis of the spine is skewed.In an attempt to compensate for this, the spine bends in the opposite direction.In this regard, scoliosis is divided into compensation and non -compensation.In the curvature of the spine is compensated, a vertical line down from the 7th neck vertebrae passes through the fold between the buttocks.
The curvature of the spine is usually combined.For example, in the chest area, in addition to the side curvature, pathological kyphosis is recorded, or simply a tumor.In these cases, talking about chest kyphoscoliosis.In addition, with the size of scoliosis, in addition to the side shift of the vertebra, the stall was recorded.In a literal translation, this means twisting.Indeed, with many scoliosis, the vertebra tissue is twisted along the vertical axis.
Depending on the size of the curved arc, 4 degrees of scoliosis is distinguished:
- 1 degree- The angle of the curvature does not exceed 10 degrees.The asymmetry with real eye is not determined.The back, uneven level of shoulder beams, pay attention.
- 2 degrees- Curved angle is from 11 to 25 degrees.Within this range, the vertebrae have been recorded.There is an asymmetry of the shoulder beams and pelvis that can be seen on the eyes.Due to pathological muscle tension, a muscle roller is formed in the waist area from the concave side and in the chest-with a convex section.
- 3 degrees- Wrtification is from 26 to 50 degrees.The visible deformation of the chest - the west of the inter -rib space C in the concave side of the curvature and bulging with convex.The weakening of the abdominal press, the formation of a tumor inside.
- 4 degrees- The angle of the curvature I exceeds 50 degrees.A cosmetic defect and all previous signs are shown.Low tolerance of small physical efforts.In addition to the skeletal muscle system, the internal organs are affected.
The angle may vary depending on the position of the body, while scoliosis is stable and unstable.With unstable scoliosis, it decreases in the location when the load on the spine decreases.With the stable curvature of the spine, this value remains unchanged.
Symptom
Recently, orthodontists often use the term scoliotic.And they indicate a complexity of negative changes that occur in the body in the curvature of the spine.As a rule, scoliotic disease develops in childhood and teenagers, in the process of forming the musculoskeletal system.At this time, there is a high probability that scoliosis will progress.
Obviously, the Intervertebral plates play an important role in increasing curvature.With the side shift, the plate has uneven pressure from the vertebrae.On the concave side, this pressure is larger, with a convex - less.As a result of this, the disc is worn out from scoliosis, muscle tension (muscle roller) and the twisted vertebrae are created - all this leads to the appearance of a disc herniation and increasing the curvature.
Along with the spine with scoliotic disease, the chest changes the second.The rib chain is formed - on the convex side of the curvature, the intercostal space is expanded and from the concave - on the contrary, they are sown.With scoliosis at level 4, the deformation of the chest is pronounced to the point of the lower ribs on the side of the curvature in contact with the pelvic rowing.
Due to the serious deformation of the chest, a full trip during breathing is difficult.Therefore, the body has a serious scoliosis that does not receive the amount of oxygen needed - the situation of chronic oxygen deficiency is so developed with a violation of all metabolic processes in the body.The disease is worse because the fact that the mass and shape of the chest cavity changes.Because of this, blood circulation through disturbed vessels, affected lungs, the shape of heart changes, chronic cardiovascular development.
Similar changes occur in abdominal organs for lumbar scoliosis and lumbar disease.The engine of the stomach and intestines is reduced with the next enzyme deficiency of the digestive glands.All this only worsen metabolic disorders.These violations often lead to late sexual maturity of boys and girls.In addition, due to the lumbar scoliosis, the pelvis is bent for the second time.This creates problems for mothers in the future with pregnancy and childbirth.
Diagnose
Scoliosis diagnosis, especially large levels, as prescribed, is not difficult.To detect the deformation of the spine, a common visual test is often sufficient.The visible curvature of the borders of the spine, the asymmetry of the shoulder beams, the corners of the shoulder blades, the secondary curvature of the pelvis and shortening the lower limbs of the curvature are noticeable.
With the presence of at least one of these signs, the spine has been designated.X -Ray determines the configuration, level and localization of curvature.In the process of checking and checking the X -ray, it is possible to determine whether scoliosis is compensated and stable.Recently, a new method of qualitative research on the magnetic resonance image (MRI) has been spread, including the three -dimensional image of the spine on the screen.With significant curvature, it is necessary to investigate the work of internal organs - to perform a measurement of waste, electrocardiogram and perform the ultrasound of the heart and internal organs.
Treatment
Treatment of scoliosis can be carried out both conservative and timely.Conservative methods include drug treatment, massage, physical procedure and manual treatment.It should be noted that the final formation of the spine ends at the age of 20, and after this age, the adjustment of the curvature is almost impossible.With 1-2 degrees scoliosis, efforts to achieve the original, normal configuration of the spine.With a clear scoliosis of level 3 - 4, this is not achieved, the main thing here is to stabilize the spine and prevent the progression of scoliosis.
Drugs (chondroprotector, vitamins, general enhancement drugs) in the treatment of scoliosis only plays a supporting role.To enhance muscles, remove muscle rollers, and even to a large extent to stabilize the spine with the help of massage and manual therapy.A good effect is given by physiotherapy exercises.But here, with incomplete physical efforts, the instability of the spine has been strengthened and the scoliosis progresses.Therefore, a set of exercises developed for each patient, taking into account the localization and the severity of the curvature.With a large extent of scoliosis, running, strength exercises, dance, outdoor games are contraindicated.
A very good result for the adjustment of the position - the optimal posture is created to contribute to the normalization of the posture.For this, special equipment used, orthopedic beds in which young patients spend a significant part of their time.With the inefficiency of conservative measures, the progression of curvature, surgical treatment to stabilize the spine is designated.Surgical repair is not shown in childhood, it is performed in adolescence, when the formation of the spine is almost completed.